⚕️ EU leads sanitation access. Science is the least chosen in Macau. China tops advanced manufacturing collabs with AU.
Chart of the Day #580 looks at higher education in Macau, safely managed sanitation services globally and Australia’s advanced manufacturing research collaborations.
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Today's Topics
🎓 Higher Education. Low preference for science among tertiary students in Macau
⚕️ Health Skills. Europe had the highest access to clean sanitation
🏭 Advanced Manufacturing. China leads in advanced manufacturing research with Australia
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🎓 Low preference for science among tertiary students in Macau
In Macau, science accounts for just 2% of higher education enrolment between 2018 and 2023. The pattern reflects the region’s service oriented economy built around tourism, hospitality, and finance. Students often choose degrees aligned with local job markets such as business, service industries, and communications. Limited domestic research infrastructure also contributes to lower science participation. The Higher Education Development Plan implemented by the Government of Macau aims to diversify academic fields and expand research capacity.
⚕️ Europe had the highest access to clean sanitation
Safely managed sanitation services reached about 80% of the population in Europe in 2024, the highest among global regions. Public infrastructure investment, environmental regulation, and urban planning help maintain reliable wastewater treatment systems. Many European cities prioritise sustainability through recycling, water management, and pollution control policies. Public awareness of environmental protection also drives strong support for sanitation infrastructure. The Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive implemented by the European Commission sets strict standards for wastewater management.
🏭 China leads in advanced manufacturing research with Australia
China accounted for over 14K collaborations with Australia in advanced manufacturing research between 2018 and 2022. China’s large research base, manufacturing scale, and materials science expertise attract joint projects with Australian universities and labs. Collaboration often focuses on advanced materials and production technologies. Australia’s National Reconstruction Fund, administered by the Australian Government, supports expanding advanced manufacturing partnerships.
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